The herb catnip, scientifically known as Nepeta cataria, is generally considered safe for dogs. While dog owners often wonder if their canine companions can share the euphoric effect seen in cats, the answer is no. Catnip is not toxic to dogs, but its effect is quite different, and it will not produce the dramatic, stimulating reaction observed in felines.
Is Catnip Safe for Dogs
Catnip is not listed as a toxic substance for dogs by major veterinary organizations. The primary concern with a dog consuming catnip is the potential for mild gastrointestinal upset. Because it is plant matter, ingesting a large quantity can irritate the digestive system. This may result in temporary symptoms like vomiting or diarrhea as the dog’s body attempts to process the fibrous material.
The risk of digestive issues is tied directly to the amount consumed. If a dog eats a significant portion of a fresh catnip plant or a large bag of dried catnip, owners should monitor them for signs of stomach distress. In some cases, catnip may even have a mild sedative effect on dogs, which some owners use to promote relaxation. Any use of catnip as a calming aid should first be discussed with a veterinarian to ensure it is appropriate for the individual dog.
Why Dogs Don’t React Like Cats
The reason dogs do not experience the characteristic “high” from catnip lies in a specific chemical compound and the difference in species physiology. Catnip contains an essential oil called nepetalactone. When a cat smells or ingests this compound, it binds to receptors in the vomeronasal organ, located in the back of the cat’s nose, triggering a neurological response that mimics a pheromone.
Dogs, while possessing a vomeronasal organ, lack the specific receptors that respond to nepetalactone in the same way. The compound passes through a dog’s system without triggering the intense psychoactive effect, which is why most dogs show no reaction at all. For the few dogs that do show a response, it is typically a mild, non-euphoric sedation, which is the opposite of the stimulating effect observed in cats.
Dog-Friendly Alternatives for Play and Calm
Since catnip is ineffective for stimulating play in dogs, owners often look for alternatives. For a stimulating effect, some dogs respond positively to anise, a seed from the Pimpinella anisum plant that has a licorice-like scent. Anise is sometimes referred to as “dognip” because it can cause a playful or excited reaction in some canines, though this effect is not universal.
For owners seeking a calming effect, there are other herbal options that may be more effective than catnip. Small amounts of chamomile or valerian root are sometimes used to promote relaxation in anxious dogs. Non-herbal alternatives, such as puzzle toys, scent work, or specialized calming treats, are often the most reliable methods for providing mental stimulation or promoting a relaxed state. However, it is important to consult with a veterinarian before introducing any new herb or supplement to ensure proper dosage and to avoid potential interactions with existing medications.