Window tinting is a common modification for vehicle owners seeking to enhance privacy, reduce interior heat, and alter the appearance of their car. The darkness is determined by a numerical percentage, which is a technical specification related to the amount of light passing through the glass. Understanding this percentage is the first step in assessing a tint’s look and legal compliance.
Understanding the 20% VLT Measurement
The numerical value used in window tinting refers to the Visible Light Transmission (VLT), which is the percentage of outside light allowed to pass through the window and the tint film combined. A “20 tint” means the system permits only 20% of visible light to enter the vehicle interior, blocking the remaining 80%.
This measurement is determined by handheld devices called tint meters that shine a controlled light through the glass to measure the amount transmitted. For comparison, most factory or “clear” vehicle glass naturally allows about 70% to 85% of visible light to pass through without any added film. Applying a 20% VLT film drastically darkens the window, resulting in a high degree of light reduction. If a 20% film is applied to glass that already has a factory tint, the resulting net VLT will be lower than 20%, as the percentages multiply.
Visual Appearance of 20% Tint
A 20% VLT tint offers a distinct, dark appearance that provides significant privacy for occupants and the vehicle’s interior. From the outside, it is difficult to see clearly into the vehicle, especially in bright daylight. The windows take on a deep, smoky, near-black aesthetic.
While 20% VLT is dark, it is not the darkest option available; the much darker “limo tint” typically measures around 5% VLT. Unlike 5% tint, which severely impedes visibility, the 20% level balances privacy with interior visibility. From the inside, occupants maintain good visibility during the day, though the world outside appears substantially dimmed.
Visibility is noticeably reduced when driving at night or in low-light conditions, especially in areas lacking streetlights. This reduction in light transmission can make it harder to spot pedestrians, obstacles, or poorly lit road signs. The 20% level is often seen as a compromise that delivers strong aesthetic appeal and daytime privacy without the extreme visibility concerns associated with 5% VLT film.
Legal Restrictions on Window Tinting
The legality of applying 20% VLT tint depends entirely on the jurisdiction where the vehicle is registered and operated. Window tint laws are highly variable, often set at the state or provincial level, and distinguish between different windows on the same vehicle. Many jurisdictions require a lighter tint, such as 35% or 50% VLT, for the front driver and passenger side windows to ensure visibility for the driver and law enforcement.
Because 20% VLT is a relatively dark film, it often violates the minimum VLT requirement for front side windows in most regions. Conversely, the regulations for rear side windows and the rear windshield are often more lenient, sometimes permitting 20% VLT or even darker films. For example, a state might require 35% VLT on the front side windows but allow any darkness on the rear windows.
Violating these laws by installing a tint that is too dark can result in various penalties, including fines and being required to remove the non-compliant film. Vehicle owners must research and confirm the specific VLT limits for all window locations in their area to ensure compliance. The difference in required VLT for front windows compared to rear windows is a crucial distinction when considering the installation of a 20% tint.