Leopard geckos, known for their distinctive spotted patterns and docile temperament, have become widely favored companions in the reptile community. Providing proper nutrition is a foundational element for ensuring their long-term health and well-being. Understanding the correct feeding frequency for these insectivorous lizards is a common inquiry among new and experienced owners alike. Establishing an appropriate feeding regimen supports their growth and prevents health issues throughout their lives.
Feeding Frequency by Age
A leopard gecko’s feeding schedule changes significantly with age, due to variations in growth rate and metabolism. Hatchlings and juvenile geckos, under six months, develop rapidly and need more frequent meals. Feeding them daily or every other day supports bone development and body mass increase.
As geckos mature into sub-adulthood, between six and twelve months, their growth rate moderates. Feeding every two to three days is appropriate. This frequency aligns with their slower metabolic rate, providing energy for continued development.
Adult leopard geckos, around twelve months or older, have a slower metabolism. They require feeding only two to three times per week. Overfeeding can lead to obesity and health complications.
Appropriate Food Choices and Portions
Leopard geckos are insectivores, needing a diverse diet of live feeder insects for comprehensive nutrition. Crickets, mealworms, and dubia roaches are staple feeders, providing protein and vital nutrients. Rotating these insects offers broader nutrition and prevents food preference.
Insects like waxworms and superworms are high in fat and should be occasional treats. They can help an underweight gecko or serve as a reward. However, over-reliance contributes to obesity and liver issues, so use them in moderation.
The appropriate portion size for each feeding session depends on the gecko’s size and age. A practical guideline is to offer insects that are no larger than the space between the gecko’s eyes to prevent choking and aid digestion. For instance, a hatchling might consume 3-5 appropriately sized insects per feeding, while an adult might eat 5-7 insects in a single session.
Gut-loading enhances the nutritional value of feeder insects. This involves feeding insects a nutritious diet of fresh produce and commercial formulas for 24-48 hours before feeding. Gut-loading ensures the gecko ingests essential vitamins and minerals, improving its diet.
Essential Nutritional Supplements
Beyond a varied diet, supplementation is important for captive leopard gecko care to prevent deficiencies like Metabolic Bone Disease. Calcium powder without D3 should be dusted onto feeder insects at nearly every feeding. This provides a consistent calcium source for strong bones, muscle function, and nerve transmission.
Calcium with D3 is also needed, as Vitamin D3 helps absorb calcium in the digestive system. Apply this supplement less frequently, typically once a week for adults and twice for juveniles, to prevent D3 toxicity. A high-quality multivitamin should be offered once or twice a month.
To properly dust insects, place them in a small plastic bag or container with a pinch of supplement powder and gently shake until lightly coated. In addition to dusted insects, a shallow dish containing plain calcium powder without D3 can be kept in the enclosure. This allows the gecko to self-regulate its calcium intake, providing a continuous supply.
Monitoring Your Gecko’s Health and Diet
Consistent observation of your leopard gecko’s physical condition and behavior evaluates its feeding regimen. A healthy gecko has a thick, plump tail (its primary fat reserve), clear eyes, and active behavior. Its body should appear well-fleshed, without prominent ribs or a sunken spine.
Signs of underfeeding include a noticeably thin or emaciated tail, visible ribs and hip bones, and general lethargy. Conversely, an overfed gecko may display an excessively swollen or “sausage-like” tail, difficulty moving, and visible fat deposits around the armpits and belly. Adjusting feeding frequency or portion sizes based on these visual cues maintains optimal health.
Beyond dietary intake, consistent access to fresh, clean water is essential for proper hydration and metabolic processes. A shallow water dish should always be available and cleaned daily to prevent bacterial growth. If health concerns persist despite dietary adjustments, consult a qualified reptile veterinarian for guidance.