The Monstera Deliciosa is a highly sought-after houseplant known for its dramatic, fenestrated foliage and relatively rapid growth. While its tropical origins suggest consistent moisture, incorrect watering—particularly overwatering—is the most common cause of decline for this popular indoor specimen. Mastering the plant’s unique hydration needs is the most effective way to ensure its long-term health and impressive size.
Determining When to Water
Watering a Monstera Deliciosa should never follow a rigid calendar schedule, as the actual frequency changes depending on many variables. The most accurate way to determine the plant’s hydration need is by directly assessing the moisture level of the substrate itself. The goal is to allow the soil to dry out partially between waterings to ensure adequate oxygen reaches the root system.
The most reliable assessment method is the “finger test.” Insert a clean index finger approximately two to three inches deep into the potting mix near the center of the pot. This depth is necessary because surface soil dries quickly due to evaporation, which can be misleading. If the soil at this lower depth feels cool, wet, or sticky, the plant retains sufficient moisture.
The appropriate time to water is when the soil feels distinctly dry and crumbly at the second knuckle. This dryness indicates that the top layer has evaporated enough water to warrant rehydration. For larger specimens, a specialized soil moisture meter can be inserted into the lower third of the container. The meter should read in the dry-to-low-moisture range before watering.
Factors That Change Watering Frequency
While the soil test dictates the moment to water, external and material factors strongly influence how quickly the soil reaches that dry state. The intensity and duration of light exposure is a major determinant, since plants placed in brighter, indirect light photosynthesize more actively and thus absorb and transpire water at a much faster rate. A Monstera situated near a bright window will require water more frequently than one placed in a shadier corner.
Seasonal changes also significantly alter the plant’s metabolic activity and subsequent water needs. During the active growing period of spring and summer, warmer temperatures increase the rate of evaporation from the soil surface and boost the plant’s transpiration rate. Conversely, the plant often enters a period of semi-dormancy during the cooler, darker winter months, slowing its water usage considerably.
The surrounding air moisture, or humidity, affects the rate of drying. Low humidity environments accelerate the plant’s loss of moisture through its leaves, causing the soil to dry out faster. The type of container material also plays a significant role in moisture retention.
Porous materials, such as unglazed terracotta pots, allow water to wick away and evaporate through the sides, leading to faster drying times. Non-porous plastic or glazed ceramic pots hold moisture much longer. Furthermore, soil composition affects water retention. A dense, peat-heavy mix holds water for extended periods, while a chunky, aroid-specific mix promotes faster drainage and aeration.
Proper Watering Technique and Signs of Stress
Once the soil test confirms the plant is ready for moisture, the application of water must be thorough to ensure the entire root ball is saturated. The proper technique involves a deep soak, applying water slowly and evenly across the surface of the soil until it begins to flow freely out of the drainage holes at the bottom of the pot. This process flushes out accumulated mineral salts and ensures moisture reaches the deepest roots.
Allowing the water to drain completely is important to prevent the roots from sitting in standing water, a condition that quickly leads to root hypoxia and decay. After approximately 15 to 30 minutes, any residual water collected in the pot’s saucer must be discarded. Failure to remove this stagnant water is the primary pathway to developing fungal root rot.
The plant provides clear visual indicators when its watering needs are not being met. Signs of underwatering manifest as wilting, drooping leaves, or crispy, brown edges and tips. These symptoms signify insufficient hydration reaching the foliage extremities, caused by the plant sacrificing peripheral tissue to preserve moisture.
Conversely, overwatering results in symptoms of root rot, where the plant cannot absorb nutrients due to damaged roots. This stress appears as yellowing leaves, often starting at the lower foliage, combined with dark, mushy stems and a distinctly sour or moldy smell emanating from the soil.