High-frequency technology is a non-invasive method for improving various skin conditions, utilizing a mild electrical current delivered through a handheld device. It is commonly used in professional settings and home-care routines. Individuals seeking solutions for persistent breakouts often use high-frequency therapy for its potential to soothe inflammation and manage acne lesions.
How High Frequency Devices Work
The operation of a high-frequency device generates a mild electrical current through a specialized glass electrode. These electrodes are typically shaped for different areas of the face, such as the mushroom shape for broad application or a point electrode for specific spot treatments. Inside the sealed glass tube, a low-pressure noble gas, often argon or neon, is contained.
When the device is powered on and the electrode is brought close to the skin, a safe, oscillating electrical current passes through the gas. This energy excites the gas molecules, causing them to emit a light—violet/blue for argon and orange/red for neon. This interaction creates two primary effects that benefit the skin.
The electrical current converts oxygen in the surrounding air into ozone (O3). Ozone is a highly reactive molecule that provides the treatment’s primary germicidal action. Simultaneously, the current generates localized thermal energy beneath the skin’s surface. This warming effect helps increase localized circulation and prepares the skin for the ozone’s effects.
Targeting Acne: Anti-Bacterial and Healing Effects
The primary mechanism by which high frequency addresses active breakouts is through the germicidal nature of the generated ozone. When the ozone molecules come into contact with the skin, they effectively oxidize and neutralize the Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) bacteria. This bacteria thrives in the anaerobic environment of clogged pores and is a main driver of inflammatory acne development.
Reducing the bacterial load on the skin’s surface and within the pore lining helps halt the progression of a breakout. The destruction of the C. acnes population prevents them from producing metabolic byproducts that trigger the body’s inflammatory response. This targeted action is especially useful for managing pustules and papules where bacterial proliferation is active.
The subtle thermal effect aids in reducing the visible signs of inflammation associated with acne. The gentle heat promotes a temporary constriction of superficial capillaries and blood vessels in the affected area. This constriction helps to minimize the redness and swelling that are characteristic of inflamed lesions and cysts, offering an immediate calming effect.
Furthermore, the increased warmth stimulates improved blood circulation and lymphatic drainage within the treated tissue. Better blood flow delivers more oxygen and nutrients to the compromised skin cells, while lymphatic drainage helps to clear away waste products and excess fluid. This enhanced cellular activity supports faster healing and tissue repair, shortening the lifespan of an active breakout.
Treatment Procedure and Application
Administering high-frequency treatment requires preparing the skin and selecting the appropriate electrode. The skin must first be cleansed thoroughly of makeup, oils, and moisturizers to ensure conductivity and prevent introducing contaminants. For treating widespread acne, the broad, rounded “mushroom” electrode is typically used across larger areas of the face.
When targeting specific, inflamed blemishes, a smaller, pointed “spot” electrode is employed. Treatments intended for acne management often utilize electrodes filled with argon gas, which produces a violet light and is associated with stronger germicidal properties. Neon gas, which produces a red light, is generally preferred for anti-aging applications.
A thin layer of gauze or a similar protective barrier is often placed over the skin before treatment, especially when using the direct method. The direct application involves placing the electrode directly on the skin, which creates a slight, audible sparking sensation as the current jumps the small gap. This “sparking” action intensifies the ozone production exactly where it is needed, making it highly effective for rapidly addressing individual, active blemishes.
Treatment duration is usually kept brief, ranging from one to five minutes per localized area, to avoid over-drying or irritating the skin. The frequency of sessions depends on the severity of the acne, but often involves several treatments per week initially.
Safety Considerations and Suitability
High-frequency therapy is contraindicated for certain medical conditions due to the electrical current involved. Individuals with pacemakers, internal metal implants, or significant heart conditions should not undergo this treatment. Those who are pregnant or have a history of epilepsy are also advised to avoid the treatment.
Any metal jewelry or piercings in the treatment area must be removed before the device is applied to prevent burns or accidental shocks. Potential side effects are typically minor and temporary, including a mild tingling sensation during the process and slight localized redness or dryness afterward.
To maintain safety and efficacy, the electrode must be kept clean and the skin dry before application. Overuse is a common pitfall in home settings, and exceeding the recommended duration can lead to unnecessary skin irritation or excessive dryness. Adhering to the recommended short treatment times ensures a safe and beneficial experience.